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|
Problem Set 1.9: Ions Instructions: For
the ions below, determine the total numbers of protons, electrons and
neutrons. Complete the charts. |
Part 1 – Subatomic particles
in Ions
|
Ion Name |
Number of Sub-Atomic Particles |
|
Ni+3 |
protons: _______28
electrons: _______25 neutrons: ________31 |
|
S-2 |
protons: _______16
electrons: _______18 neutrons: ________16 |
|
Te+4 |
protons: _______52
electrons: _______48 neutrons: ________76 |
|
P-3 |
protons: _______15
electrons: _______18 neutrons: ________16 |
|
Be+2 |
protons: _______4
electrons: _______2 neutrons: ________5 |
|
O-2 |
protons: _______8
electrons: _______10 neutrons: ________8 |
Part 2 – Electron Structure of
Ions
Determine the
number of electrons in each shell for each atom below. Use this information to
predict the combining capacity of each element, and then compare it to the
actual combining capacity.
Oxygen
|
Shell: |
1st Shell |
2nd Shell |
|
|
Number of Electrons |
2 |
6 |
|
|
Maximum Capacity |
2 |
8 |
|
|
Probable Combining Capacity: |
-2 |
||
|
Actual Combining Capacity: |
-2 |
||
Sodium
|
Shell: |
1st Shell |
2nd Shell |
3rd Shell |
|
|
Number of Electrons |
2 |
8 |
1 |
|
|
Maximum Capacity |
2 |
8 |
8 |
|
|
Probable Combining Capacity: |
+1 |
|
||
|
Actual Combining Capacity: |
+1 |
|
||
Sulphur
|
Shell: |
1st Shell |
2nd Shell |
3rd Shell |
|
|
Number of Electrons |
2 |
8 |
6 |
|
|
Maximum Capacity |
2 |
8 |
8 |
|
|
Probable Combining Capacity: |
-2 |
|
||
|
Actual Combining Capacity: |
-2 |
|
||
Argon
|
Shell: |
1st Shell |
2nd Shell |
3rd Shell |
|
|
Number of Electrons |
2 |
8 |
8 |
|
|
Maximum Capacity |
2 |
8 |
8 |
|
|
Probable Combining Capacity: |
0 |
|
||
|
Actual Combining Capacity: |
0 |
|
||
Which chemical family tends to have a
combining capacity of +1? _____________________alkali
metals
Which chemical family tends to have a
combining capacity of -1? _____________________halogens
Which chemical family tends to have a
combining capacity of +2? _____________________alkaline
earths
Which chemical family tends to have a
combining capacity of 0? _____________________noble
gases
Part 3 – Comparing the
Structure of Atoms, Ions and Isotopes
Determine the number of protons,
neutrons and electrons in the following:
|
Atom |
Ion |
Isotope |
|
S: protons:
_____________16 electrons:
____________16 neutrons:
____________16 |
S-2: protons:
_____________16 electrons:
____________18 neutrons:
____________16 |
S-34: protons:
_____________16 electrons:
____________16 neutrons:
____________18 |
|
B: protons:
_____________5 electrons:
____________5 neutrons:
____________6 |
B+3: protons:
_____________5 electrons:
____________2 neutrons:
____________6 |
B-10: protons:
_____________5 electrons:
____________5 neutrons:
____________6 |
|
K: protons:
_____________19 electrons:
____________19 neutrons:
____________20 |
K+1: protons:
_____________19 electrons:
____________18 neutrons:
____________20 |
K-41: protons:
_____________19 electrons:
____________19 neutrons:
____________22 |